I’m Nayira, I’m in socials sciences, I want to go in psychology at University. In this sense, this glossary defines the most commonly used words in psychology.
Adaptation
Noun
Adaptation is the ability of a person to adjust to change, new experiences, and new information.
Example: Nayira’s adaptation to her new school was long one.
en: Adaptation
Addiction
Noun
Addiction is a process in which a behavior is carried out which may serve to providence pleasure and relieve inner discomfort, and which is characterized by the repeated failure to control it and its persistence despite negative consequences.
Example: Nayira has been addicted to alcohol for three years.
en: Dépendance
Affect
Noun
Affect refers to changes and fluctuations in emotional state.
Example: Nayira is happy and suddenly she is angry, thus we can observe affect.
en: Affect
Antidepressant
Noun
Medication intended to combat depressive states.
Example: Nayira takes antidepressants to reduce the symptoms of her depression.
en: Anti-dépresseur
Bias
Noun
It’s a prejudice.
Example: Nayira has biases about men because of her past relationship.
en: Bias
Bulimia
Noun
Compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics or other drugs, fasting, excessive physical exercise.
Example: Nayira was diagnosed with bulimia after her mother caught her vomiting her supper in the toilet.
en: Boulimie
Burnout
Noun
A syndrome resulting from chronic work-related stress that has not been successfully managed.
Example: Nayira is on sick leave because she suffered a burnout.
en: Syndrome d’épuisement professionel
Deficiency
Noun
A syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbances in a person's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.
Example: Nayira has a deficiency, which hinders her at school.
en: Déficience
Dementia
Noun
A cognitive decline compared to the previous level of performance that interferes with independence in daily activities.
Example: Many elderly people suffer from Alzheimer's, it's a dementia.
en: Démence
Depersonalization
Noun
Depersonalization is an alteration of self-perception or self-awareness that manifests as a feeling of detachment from oneself and the feeling of perceiving one's body or mind as distant.
Example: Nayira needs to undergo depersonalization therapy to find herself again, because she is too lost at the moment.
en: Dépersonnalisation
Depression
Noun
It usually refers to an episode of major depression, which can be mild, moderate, or severe. Another type of depression, less severe but chronic, is dysthymia.
Example: Nayira is depressed.
en: Dépression
Egocentrism
Adjective
Egocentrism is a difficulty in detaching oneself from one's own perspective and understanding that the perspective of others may be different.
Example: Nayira just thinks her opinion is better and everyone else's isn't; she's egocentrism.
en: Égocentrisme
Emotion
Noun
Emotion is a conscious event created by the combination of cognitive evaluations (good, bad, pleasant, unpleasant, harmful, desirable, etc.) and physiological activation.
Example: Nayira experiences many emotions.
en: Émotion
Empathy
Noun
Empathy is the ability to understand the emotions, perceptions, thoughts and motivations of others (cognitive empathy) and to provide an appropriate emotional response (affective empathy).
Example: Nayira feels empathy for others; for example, when someone cries, she cries too.
en: Empathie
Habits
Noun
Habits are actions that become automatic after being acquired (learned) through repetition in a specific context.
Example: Nayira is in the habit of making her bed every morning.
en: Habitudes
Mental load
Noun
Mental workload, or cognitive load, refers to the demand imposed by a task in terms of the mental resources required.
Example: Nayira is depressed because of the excessive mental load she was carrying on her shoulders.
en: Charge mentale
Nerve cell
Noun
A cell of the nervous system that transmits information by means of electrical signals.
Example: Nayira has burned nerve cells due to her alcohol addiction.
en: Cellule nerveuse
Self-control
Noun
Self-control refers to the ability to change automatic or impulsive responses in order to act according to one's own requirements or those of the situation.
Example: Nayira remains in control of herself when she receives a bad grade
en: Contrôle de soi
Stress
Noun
An organism's response to situations or events perceived as demanding or aggressive.
Example: Nayira is experiencing a lot of stress because she has many exams.
en: Stress
Well-being
Noun
This is happiness, the state of feeling good internally.
Example: Nayira achieved perfect well-being by leasing this unhealthy relationship.