This glossary is to explain and give definitions and translations to a couple of terms about Marketing and administration for those who are studying that at the moment.
account
noun
A record or statement of financial expenditure or receipts relating to a particular period or purpose.
Example: She opened a new bank account to save money for her future education.
fr: compte
account payable
noun
A liability account showing how much is owed for goods and services purchased on credit.
Example: The accounts payable department is responsible for paying the company’s suppliers on time.
fr: comptes fournisseurs or comptes à payer
account reconciliation
noun
The act of confirming that the balance in one’s checkbook matches the corresponding bank statement.
Example: The accountant completed the account reconciliation to ensure the company’s financial records were accurate and up to date.
fr: rapprochement de comptes
accounts receivable
noun
Sales made but not paid-for by customers (trade debtors), shown as current (short-term) assets in a
balance sheet and are, in fact, unsecured promises by customers to pay.
Example: The company’s accounts receivable increased this month as more customers purchased on credit.
fr: comptes clients or créances clients
accumulated depreciation
noun
The total depreciation on a tangible asset accumulated up to a specified date. This amount is
subtracted from the original cost or valuation of the asset to arrive at its book value.
Example: The accountant recorded the accumulated depreciation for the machinery to reflect its loss of value over the years.
fr: amortissement cumulé
administration
noun
Management of daily buisness operations.
Example: The new administration introduced sweeping reforms to improve transparency and accountability across all government departments.
fr: administration
amortize
verb
Reduce or pay off (a debt) with regular payments.
Example: The business decided to amortize the loan over ten years to reduce the monthly payments.
fr: amortir
asset
noun
An item of property owned by a person or company, regarded as having value and available to meet
debts, commitments, or legacies.
Example: The company purchased new equipment, adding a valuable asset to its balance sheet.
fr: actif
assignment credit
noun
The book credit leveraged against the fiduciary assignment of a company’s receivables.
Example: He earned an assignment credit after completing the extra research project for his course.
fr: crédit pour devoir
balance sheet
noun
A financial statement that summarizes a company’s assets, liabilities and share- holders’ equity at a
specific point in time.
Example: The accountant reviewed the balance sheet to ensure that the company’s assets equaled its liabilities plus equity.
fr: bilan
balance sheet analysis
noun
An analysis of a company’s assets, liabilities and equity usually conducted at set intervals, such as
quarterly or annually.
Example: The manager used balance sheet analysis to identify areas where the company could improve its financial stability.
fr: analyse du bilan
bank loan
noun
Money borrowed from a bank.
Example: She applied for a bank loan to finance the purchase of a new office building.
fr: prêt bancaire
bankruptcy
noun
A legal proceeding involving a person or business that is unable to repay outstanding debts.
Example: After years of declining sales, the small business declared bankruptcy to settle its debts.
fr: faillite
breakeven point
noun
The point al which the income from sale of a product or service equals the invested costs, resulting in
neither profit nor loss; the stage at which income equals expenditure.
Example: The company calculated its breakeven point to determine how many units it needed to sell to cover all costs.
fr: seuil de rentabilité
budget
noun
An estimate, often itemized, of expected income and expense for a given period in the future.
Example: The manager prepared a detailed budget to control expenses and plan for the upcoming fiscal year.
fr: budget
capital account
noun
That part of the balance of payments recording a nation’s outflow and inflow of financial securities.
Example: The investor increased his contributions to the capital account to strengthen the company’s financial position.
fr: compte de capital
capitalized interest
noun
Interest that is not immediately expensed, but instead is treated as an asset and amortized over time in the
income statement.
Example: The company capitalized interest on the new building loan, adding it to the cost of the construction instead of recording it as an expense.
fr: intérêts capitalisés
cash cycle
noun
The length of time between the purchase of raw materials and the collection of accounts receivable generated
in the sale of the final product.
Example: The finance team analyzed the cash cycle to identify ways to speed up cash inflows and improve liquidity.
fr: cycle de trésorerie
cash flow
noun
The total amount of money being transferred into and out of a business, especially as affecting liquidity.
Example: The company’s positive cash flow allowed it to invest in new equipment without taking on additional debt.
fr: flux de trésorerie
charge off
verb
The declaration by a creditor (usually a credit card account) that an amount of debt is unlikely to be collected.
This occurs when a consumer becomes severely delinquent on a debt.
Example: The company had to charge off several overdue invoices that were deemed uncollectible.