My name is Megane and I study Biotechnology laboratory technology. It is my second semester in this program. This glossary is there to help other students, because there are a lot of words that can be complicated in this program. It will contain definitions, the translation it in french, how to use in a sentence and image.
assumption
noun
A thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof.
Example: Contrary to this ASSUMPTION, and although phosphorus is derived from both animal and green manures, organic growers are permitted by regulatory bodies to add supplementary rock phosphate as necessary to maintain the required levels of availability.
fr: hypothèse
Asusmption website, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons">Asusmption website, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Assumption_greyhounds_wmark.png">
biology
noun
The study of living organisms, divided into many specialized fields that cover their morphology, physiology, anatomy, behavior, origin, and distribution.
Example: Species concepts in systematics and conservation BIOLOGY - an ornithological viewpoint.
fr: biologie
Posching, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Posching, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/Bulletin_of_Fish_Biology_Band_20.jpg">
cell
noun
The smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell, which is either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.
Example: An animal that can live solely on a vegetarian diet should have a pronounced masseter muscle to help break down the strong cellulose walls that would otherwise prevent the absorption of proteins and fat within the plant CELL.
fr: cellule
LadyofHats, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons">LadyofHats, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Endomembrane_system_diagram_en.svg">
chemistry
noun
The branch of science that deals with the identification of the substances of which matter is composed; the investigation of their properties and the ways in which they interact, combine, and change; and the use of these processes to form new substances.
Example: This brings together members of the project from different departments, including Process CHEMISTRY, Analytical CHEMISTRY, Process Engineering and Analytical Development.
fr: chimie
The Chemical Rubber Company, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons">The Chemical Rubber Company, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Handbook_of_Chemistry_and_Physics_8th_-_title_page.jpg">
deoxyribonucleic acid
noun
The molecule inside cells that contains the genetic information responsible for the development and function of an organism.
Example: Investigations using synchrotron X-rays for protein crystallography can help scientists understand and imitate complex structures - from cellulose fibre to spiders' silk.12 It is thanks to X-ray crystallography that James Watson and Francis Crick were able to discover the "double helix" structure of DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID, DNA.
fr: acide désoxyribonucléique
Zephyris, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons">Zephyris, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/DNA_Structure%2BKey%2BLabelled.pn_NoBB.png">
dissection
noun
The action of dissecting a body or plant to study its internal parts.
Example: This is a point-of-care test for coagulation currently in use in cardiothoracic surgery and intensive care in the hospital in which I work, and which is increasingly being asked for by anaesthetists during other types of surgery, such as aortic aneurysm repair, radical neck DISSECTION with insertion of free flap and other surgery with the potential for large blood losses or haemostatic disturbance.
fr: dissection
Retama, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons">Retama, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Dissection_tools.jpg">
environment
noun
The natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.
Example: Of all the systems of egg production, this has the highest degree of control over the birds ENVIRONMENT, and because of this it is quite favourable.
fr: environnement
Original_Barnstar.png: Original idea by SunirShah, creator, on Meatball:BarnStar. Original image from Barnstar Subterfuge (currently not available online). Original design by SourceEart">Original_Barnstar.png: Original idea by SunirShah, creator, on Meatball:BarnStar. Original image from Barnstar Subterfuge (currently not available online). Original design by SourceEart" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Environment_Barnstar.png">
enzyme
noun
Biological catalyst, usually a protein, that accelerates specific chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.
Example: PIE-1 is removed form the somatic cell lines by an ENZYME, C CUL-2 E3 ubiquitin ligase.
fr: enzyme
PDB code 1CA2Refined structure of human carbonic anhydrase II at 2.0 A resolution.Eriksson, A.E., Jones, T.A., Liljas, A.(1988) Proteins 4: 274-282PubMed: 3151019 Search on PubMedDOI: 10.1002/pr">PDB code 1CA2Refined structure of human carbonic anhydrase II at 2.0 A resolution.Eriksson, A.E., Jones, T.A., Liljas, A.(1988) Proteins 4: 274-282PubMed: 3151019 Search on PubMedDOI: 10.1002/pr" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/CAII_enzyme.jpg">
experience
noun
Practical contact with and observation of facts or events.
Example: The experiential model helps people assume responsibility for their own learning as it asks them to reflect on their EXPERIENCE, draw conclusions, and identify applications.
fr: expérience
Ank Kumar, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Ank Kumar, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Heineken_Museum_Experience_%2C_Amsterdam_-_Ank_Kumar_06.jpg">
genetic engineering
noun
The direct, laboratory-based manipulation of an organism’s DNA to alter its characteristics.
Example: It is set in a future globalised world, where GENETIC ENGINEERING is normal and people are grown in tanks with the aid of nanotechnology, a virus like grey-goo is killing people and basically you have to save the world.
fr: génie génétique
Grama, Samir B., Zhiyuan Liu, and Jian Li, CC BY 4.0, via ">Grama, Samir B., Zhiyuan Liu, and Jian Li, CC BY 4.0, via " src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Genetic_technology_applied_to_microalgae_to_optimize_production_of_target_metabolites.png">
genome
noun
The haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in each cell of a multicellular organism.
Example: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain there own GENOME, a single circular molecule resembling that of prokaryote cell DNA.
fr: génome
Mikael Häggström, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Mikael Häggström, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/Human_genome_by_functions-gl.svg">
laboratory
noun
A room or building equipped for scientific experiments, research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or chemicals.
Example: Specific applications will be outlined, within both LABORATORY and zoological settings.
fr: laboratoire
micro organism
noun
A microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
Example: Botulinum which is most heat resistant MICRO ORGANISM.
fr: micro-organismes
Kahindon Estha, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Kahindon Estha, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Observatoire_Microscopique_de_Micro-organismes_%C3%A0_30%C2%B0c.jpg">
myelin sheath
noun
A fatty, insulating layer wrapped around nerve cell axons.
Example: The axon of each neuron is protected by a MYELIN SHEATH, this ensures the transmission of signals and allows nerve impulses to be propagated to the next neuron.
fr: gaine de myéline
Neuron_with_oligodendrocyte_and_myelin_sheath.svg: *Complete_neuron_cell_diagram_en.svg: LadyofHatsderivative work: Andrew c, Public domain, via Wikimedia C">Neuron_with_oligodendrocyte_and_myelin_sheath.svg: *Complete_neuron_cell_diagram_en.svg: LadyofHatsderivative work: Andrew c, Public domain, via Wikimedia C" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Neuron_with_oligodendrocyte_and_myelin_sheath.svg">
nerve
noun
A whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.
Example: Immediate OP treatment for humans is possible and parallels closely the NERVE-agent antidoting used by the military ie., anti-cholinergics and esterase reactivation, which I suppose is preferable to teratogenic birth defects.
fr: nerf
Massimiliano Crespi, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Massimiliano Crespi, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Fibrovascular_entrapment_of_the_sciatic_nerve_undefined_distribution.jpg">
protein
noun
Any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that have large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms, especially as structural components of body tissues such as muscle, hair, etc., and as enzymes and antibodies.
Example: It has a genome consisting of 97 genes, 62 of which specify proteins. Yet this genome encodes less than 2% of the PROTEIN-coding genes in the bacterium E. coli .
fr: protéine
Main_protein_structure_levels_en.svg: LadyofHatsderivative work: Shakiestone, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons">Main_protein_structure_levels_en.svg: LadyofHatsderivative work: Shakiestone, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Main_protein_structure_levels_zh.svg">
quality
noun
The standard of something as measured against other things of a similar kind; the degree of excellence of something.
Example: The Science Council is vital to ensure the relevance of CGIAR supported research, enhance its QUALITY, assess its impact and help to mobilise global scientific expertise.
fr: qualité
LadyofHats, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons">LadyofHats, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg">
solute
noun
The minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent.
Example: Concentration refers to the composition of a solution and may be expressed as the ratio of SOLUTE solvent or SOLUTE solution.
fr: soluté
Maxmath12, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Maxmath12, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Nonvolatile_solute_in_volatile_solvent.svg">
solvent
noun
Able to dissolve other substances.
Example: Reference solution The reference solution was analyzed in different ratios of SOLVENT system.
fr: solvant
Jaskaran33, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons">Jaskaran33, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Mixed_Solvent_Recrystallization.png">
species
noun
A group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g. Homo sapiens.
Example: In order to increase wild mammal numbers on the farm, you need suitable information on each individual SPECIES' habitat, breeding systems and food resources.
fr: espèce
H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons">H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Theba_geminata_variability.jpg">
