This glossary is about my school program which is Natural Science. It is a program with a good variety of specific courses. You can touch a little bit of each type of famous natural sciences like mathematics or physics. This can help you to know which one is better for you to study at university. Also, you have to study more general courses like philosophy which is great because you can see educate yourself on society and others subjects instead of only being able to do science's related things. I would recommend this program for people who are curious about science and are capable of doing basics mathematics because it can be very hard.
antibody
An antibody (Ab) or immunoglobulin (Ig) is a large, Y-shaped protein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily which is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize antigens such as bacteria and viruses, including those that cause disease.
Example: Finding the right antibody to fight the contagion is critical and can determine between life and death.
fr: anti-corps
asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction is the primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as archaea and bacteria.
Example: Both sexual and asexual reproduction occur, but there is usually no definite succession of the two modes, marking that alternation of sexual generation (gametophyte) and asexual generation (sporophyte) which characterizes the higher groups.
fr: reproduction asexué
ATP
source of energy in the living organism
Example: whitout ATP, we couldn't live
fr: ATP
bacteria
Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that lack a nuclear membrane, are metabolically active and divide by binary fission
Example: Bacteria can process toxic wastes and oil spills into harmless biodegradable materials
fr: bacterie
bio-chemistry
biochemistry, study of the chemical substances and processes that occur in plants, animals
Example: Entire biochemistry and cell biology textbooks are still being written without ever mentioning the role of water.
fr: bio-chimie
bio-informatic
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field of science that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data, especially when the data sets are large and complex.
Example: This requires a large-scale genotyping and bioinformatics program, in crop and model systems, that relates allelic variants to gene function.
fr: bio-informatique
bio-statistics
Biostatistics is the application of statistical methods to scientific research in health-related fields, including medicine, biology, and public health
Example: She analyzed the clinical trial data using a complex biostatistic to determine the treatment's effectiveness
fr: biostatistique
biodiversity
Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in a particular habitat or on Earth.
Example: The rainforest is known for its rich biodiversity, home to thousands of plant and animal species
fr: bio-diversité
Biology
Biology is the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.
Example: She decided to study biology because she was fascinated by how the human body works
fr: biologie
calvin cycle
The Calvin cycle is a series of chemical reactions in photosynthesis that uses carbon dioxide to produce glucose in plants.
Example: During photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle helps convert carbon dioxide into energy-rich sugars.
fr: cycle de calvin
extraction system
An extraction system is a method or setup used to separate or remove specific substances from a mixture, often using solvents
Example: The lab used an extraction system to isolate the active compound from the plant material
fr: système d'extraction
health
Health is the state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease
Example: Regular exercise and a balanced diet are important for maintaining good health
fr: santé
human anatomy
Human anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body and its parts
Example: In medical school, students must learn human anatomy to understand how the body functions
fr: anatomie humaine
immunology
Immunology is the study of the immune system and how the body defends itself against diseases and infections
Example: She chose to specialize in immunology to research how vaccines help protect the body from viruses
fr: immunologie
krebs cycle
The Krebs cycle (also called the citric acid cycle) is a series of chemical reactions in cells that generate energy by breaking down glucose into carbon dioxide
Example: The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria and is essential for producing energy in most living cells
fr: cycle de krebs
laboratory
A laboratory is a place equipped for scientific experiments, research, or analysis.
Example: The students conducted a chemistry experiment in the school laboratory.
fr: laboratoire
microbiology
Microbiology is the study of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.
Example: She became interested in microbiology after learning how bacteria can both help and harm the human body.
fr: microbiologie
nervous system
The nervous system is the network of nerves and cells that carries messages between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body
Example: The nervous system helps you react quickly when you touch something hot
fr: système nerveux
respiratory system
The respiratory system is the group of organs that work together to help you breathe by taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide.
Example: The lungs are a key part of the respiratory system, allowing oxygen to enter the bloodstream.
