Hello, my name is Adam. I am in Cybersecurity. It is when someone tries do things to protect devices, networks and your overall data from cyber criminals. We use tricks that cyber criminals use to figure out how they can compromise people's data and find a way to protect your data from those tricks. There are a lot of terms used in my field of study that a person outside this field would not understand or even hear in their lifetime. I made this glossary that shows and explains some of the terms used in my field. There are translations, images, definitions, and examples of the terms used in a sentence.
antivirus
noun
(of software) designed to detect and destroy computer viruses.
Example: I downloaded the antivirus.
fr: antivirus
black hat
noun
A person who hacks into a computer network with malicious or criminal intent.
Example: Black hats have a history of disassembling source code and looking for lapses.
fr: chapeau noir.
ddos
acronym
The intentional paralyzing of a computer network by flooding it with data sent simultaneously from many individual computers.
Example: A hacker launched a distributed denial of service against my website.
fr: déni de service distribué
dns
acronym
The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical and distributed name service that provides a naming system for computers, services, and other resources on the Internet or other Internet Protocol (IP) networks.
fr: système de noms de domaine
fhrp
acronym
A first hop redundancy protocol (FHRP) is a computer networking protocol which is designed to protect the default gateway used on a subnetwork by allowing two or more routers to provide backup for that address; in the event of failure of an active router, the backup router will take over the address, usually within a few seconds. In practice, such protocols can also be used to protect other services operating on a single IP address, not just routers.
Example: My router has the first hop redundancy protocol.
fr: protocole de redondance du premier saut
firewall
noun
A part of a computer system or network which is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication.
Example: My firewall is turned off.
fr: pare-feu
ip address
noun
A unique string of characters that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.
Example: A hacker was able to get my router's IP address.
fr: adresse IP
NAT
acronym
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of mapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device.
Example: Every router uses NAT.
fr: traduction d'adresse réseau
network
noun
A number of interconnected computers, machines, or operations.
Example: I created a network.
fr: réseau
network switch
phrase
A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, Ethernet switch, and, by the IEEE, MAC bridge) is networking hardware that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to receive and forward data to the destination device.
Example: I installed a new network switch that has an extra layer of security.
fr: commutateur
ospf
acronym
Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs), operating within a single autonomous system (AS).
Example: I have four routers that use OSPF.
fr: ouvrir d'abord le chemin le plus court
packet
noun
A block of data transmitted across a network.
Example: A hacker sent malicious packets to my computer.
fr: paquet
phishing
noun
The fraudulent practice of sending emails or other messages purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information, such as passwords and credit card numbers.
Example: Anyone can get phishing emails.
fr: hameçonnage
router
noun
A router is a computer and networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks, including internetworks such as the global Internet.
Example: Everyone has a router at home
fr: routeur
routing
Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in a network or between or across multiple networks.
Example: I was routing two routers so that they could communicate with each other.
fr: routage
server
noun
A computer or computer program which manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.
Example: I have multiple servers with multiple roles.
fr: serveur
trojan horse
phrase
A program designed to breach the security of a computer system while ostensibly performing some innocuous function.
Example: A hacker sent me a file that he used as a trojan horse
fr: cheval de Troie
virus
noun
A piece of code that is capable of copying itself and typically has a detrimental effect, such as corrupting the system or destroying data.
Example: My computer recently got a virus
fr: virus
vlan
acronym
A virtual local area network (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2).
Example: I created a vlan for visitors and a vlan for employees
fr: lan virtuel
white hat
noun
A person who hacks into a computer network in order to test or evaluate its security systems.
Example: I know a person who is a white hat hacker
