Laurent's Clinical Neuroscience Glossary
Laurent's Clinical Neuroscience Glossary
20 terms
Clinical Neuroscience is about gaining new knowledge and advancing understanding of disorders and diseases affecting the central nervous system by analyzing its fundamental mechanisms in an effort to develop new treatments. Studies in this field can lead to finding cures for disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, brain tumors, depression, etc. The purpose of this glossary is to get a glimpse at what clinical neuroscience consists of by defining some of the important words that it implies.
- biomarker
- A measurable substance in an organism whose presence is indicative of some phenomenon such as disease, infection, or environmental exposure.
- central nervous system (CNS)
- Consists of the brain and spinal cord.
- clinical neuroscience
- The scientific study of the biological mechanisms that underlie the disorders and diseases of the nervous system.
- diseases
- A disorder of structure or function in a human, especially one that has a known cause and a distinctive group of symptoms, signs, or anatomical changes.
- drug development
- The process of bringing a new drug to the market.
- medical ethics
- A set of values, which analyzes the practice of clinical medicine and related scientific research, professionals can refer to in the case of any confusion or conflict.
- medications
- A substance used for medical treatment.
- meninges
- The three thin layers of tissue that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord.
- nerves
- A whitish fiber or bundle of fibers (in the body) that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs.
- neurobiological disorders
- Any disorder of the nervous system.
- neurons
- A type of cell that receives and sends messages from the body to the brain and back to the body.
- neurorehabilitation
- A complex medical process which aims to aid recovery from a nervous system injury, and to minimize and/or compensate for any functional alterations resulting from it.
- operation
- An act of surgery performed on a patient.
- physiotherapy
- The treatment of disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods such as massage, heat treatment, and exercise.
- research scientist
- A professional engaged in the systematic investigation and exploration of materials, processes, or concepts to gain new knowledge and advance understanding within their field of expertise.
- spinal cord
- The cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain.
- study
- A detailed investigation and analysis of a topic or situation.
- subject
- A person who is the focus of scientific or medical attention or experiment.
- syndrome
- A condition characterized by a set of associated symptoms.
- treatments
- Medical care given to a patient for an illness or injury.