Primary Education Glossary

20 terms

Primary education is the first stage traditionally found in formal education, beginning at about age 5 to 7 and ending at about 11 to 13. Elementary teachers teach basic subjects such as reading, writing and arithmetic or specialized subjects such as English or French has a second language at public and private elementary schools

Achievement gap
the persistent disparity in academic achievement between minority and disadvantaged students and their white counterparts.
Active learning
Any learning activity in which the student participates or interacts with the learning process, as opposed to passively taking in the information.
Assessment
The systematic basis for making inferences about the learning and development of students.
Benchmark
Assessments that measure students against institution standards and learning goals.
Child development
The process children take as they grow from infancy into adulthood.
Cognitive skills
The functions your brain uses to think, pay attention, process information, and remember things, constantly aiding your thought processes and memory retention.
Collaborative learning
Groups of two or more learners work together to solve problems, complete tasks, or learn new concepts.
Curriculum
A standards-based sequence of planned experiences where students practice and achieve proficiency in content and applied learning skills.
Evaluation
The systematic and ongoing assessment of student learning, progress, and performance in relation to set learning objectives and standards.
Gamification
The process of adding games or gamelike elements to something (such as a task) so as to encourage participation.
Grade point average
A number representing the average value of the accumulated final grades earned in courses over time.
Intervention
An action taken by school personnel to support a struggling student.
Learning target
Student-friendly descriptions— via words, pictures, actions, or some combination of the three—of what you intend students to learn or accomplish in a given lesson.
Open-ended task
Have more than one right answer, solution or outcome and can be completed in more than one way.
Open-response task
When you ask a student a question that does not have a simple yes or no answer.
Pedagogy
The art and science of teaching students.
Problem solving
A process, which involves systematic observation and critical thinking to find an appropriate solution or way to reach the desired goal.
Public school
A school supported by public funds.
Social-emotional development
A child's ability to create and sustain meaningful relationships with adults and other children.
Socratic method
A dialogue between teacher and students, instigated by the continual probing questions of the teacher, in a concerted effort to explore the underlying beliefs that shape the students views and opinions.