20 Definition and example of many words in the vocabulary that constitute accounting and management. terms
Accounting and Management is a technique that teaches people the way of being an accountant with not only the knowledge but also the practical job that come with it. For this I am writing a glossary for the purpose of making people wanting to join that technique but also for people already in the technique to understand things they might have not understood.
accounting
noun
The systematic and comprehensive recording of financial transactions pertaining a business
Example: Demand will be higher during winter months, so acconting for this is important.
en: comptabilité
amortize
verb
Reduce or pay off (a debt) with regular payments
Example: The value of the machinery is amortized over its estimated useful life.
en: Amortir
credit
noun
The ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.
Example: Some of the largest German corporations began to rely less on bank credit and more on equity markets to raise capital.
en: crédit
debt
noun
Something, typically money, that is owed or due.
Example: To gain the lasting confidence of financial markets, households and enterprises, governments may need to subject themselves to permanent constraints on deficits, borrowing, or debt.
en: dette
debtor
noun
A debtor is a person who owes a specific debt (usually money) to another person.
Example: The war had turned the UK into a major debtor rather than creditor, and the sale of assets during World War 1 greatly reduced the UK's international investments and therefore London's pre-eminence as a financial centre relative to New York and Paris.
en: débiteur
equity
noun
Total assets minus total liabilities; also called net worth or book value
Example: The company is considering raising part of its future capital requirements by selling equity to the public.
en: équité
finance
noun
The management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies.
Example: Which is more important for the small firm, their network or their FINANCE?
en: finance
interest
noun
Money paid regularly at a particular rate for the use of money lent, or for delaying the repayment of a debt.
Example: The negative sign under the interest rate, indicates that an increase in the interest rate leads to a decrease in investment.
en: intérêt
investment
noun
The availability of liquid assets to a market or company.
Example: Merton's model allows investment and consumption opportunity to fluctuate all the time in terms of "three fund separation": the riskless asset, the market portfolio and a third portfolio R N which has the perfectly negative correlation with the riskless asset.
en: investissement
joint stock company
noun
A company whose stock is owned jointly by the shareholders.
Example: McDonald is a company that can be classified as a joint stock company
en: société par actions
liability
noun
An obligation that legally binds an individual or company to settle a debt.
Example: Out of regard for financial reason, a union will probably not make such a strike official or, if the strike commences, the union will have to repudiate it in order to escape from liability.
en: responsabilité
liquidity
noun
The availability of liquid assets to a market or company.
Example: Governments, through central banks, also usually set regulations to ensure that a minimum reserve ratio exists for reasons such as to ensure that the bank possesses enough liquidity, and also for monetary policy, which will be explained later.
en: liquidité
loan
noun
A sum of money borrowed and expected to be paid back with interest
Example: The average man on the street would think that a bank is just a place to store savings or to take out a loan.
en: prêt
margin
noun
The difference between a sale price and a cost
Example: However, Hyundai has higher gross profit margin almost by twice showing that it has been having a better net profit than Audi for three consecutive years.
en: marge
mortgage
noun
A legal agreement by which a bank or other creditor lends money at interest in exchange for taking title of the debtor's property, with the condition that the conveyance of title becomes void upon the payment of the debt.
Example: Private consumption contracted in 2003 because of stagnation in the house market and ends to mortgage equity withdrawals.
en: hypothèque
pension
noun
A regular payment made during a person's retirement from an investment fund to which that person or their employer has contributed during their working life.
Example: Currently, measures like the above-mentioned reforms in pension systems, allowing for increases in pension age, as well as diminishing of the use of early retirement schemes have come into the foreground.
en: pension
profit
noun
A financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
Example: The main objectives during the 7 periods have been to maximize profit, sustain business growth, maximize market share and shares price and thus keeping the leading market position.
en: profit
share
noun
A unit of account for the capital or stock company.
Example: Organizing several meetings with the main shareholders, announcing a share buy-back scheme as well as the "concession bargaining.
en: action
shareholder
noun
An owner of shares in a company.
Example: A shareholder and HiSA rep will be invited to all meetings if they so wish to keep abreast of developments.
en: actionnaire
solvency
noun
the ability to meet maturing obligations as they come true
Example: When banks accumulate a high share of public debt, the solvency of the system depends indirectly on the solvency of the public sector.
