I'm in Social Science, more particularly in Business and decided to create this 20 words glossary for people to understand the real meaning of some important words of this field of study. It contains business activities and few basic concepts that are frequently used either in class or in books.
accounting
noun
The action or process of keeping financial accounts.
Example: Regional Trade Agreements As of November 2005, 186 RTAs (WTO, 2006) were in place, ACCOUNTING for almost half of world trade (OECD, 2003).
en: comptabilité
advertising
noun
The activity or profession of producing advertisements for commercial products or services.
Example: However, for stand-alone new inventions, the inventor might be willing to use her own shop network and word of mouth for ADVERTISING, at the extreme.
en: publicité
agent
noun
A person who acts on behalf of another person or group.
Example: Although Heller and partners new that an advertising AGENT, client of the National Provincial Bank, inquired the reference, they did not know for what purpose and, if it were solely relied upon.
en: agent
brand
noun
A type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name.
Example: This technique's objective is both to reinforce the BRAND awareness among loyal consumers, attract new users and to reinforce heavy user.
en: marque
commerce
noun
He activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale.
Example: Fairbank has also described the tributary arrangement as 'an ingenious vehicle for COMMERCE', which defined the 'ground rules for a vigorous trade' over vast areas of East and Southeast Asia.
en: commerce
company
noun
A business organization that makes, buys, or sells goods or provides services in exchange for money.
Example: It also exerts effects in a COMPANY's approach to marketing and advertising.
en: entreprise
credit
noun
A customer's ability to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future.
Example: 'Other groups' include managers, employees, government, environmental group, local communities, providers of CREDIT, customers, suppliers etc.
en: crédit
debt
noun
Something, typically money, that is owed or due.
Example: Borrowers are normally set in long term contracts and price reduction increases the real value of their DEBT, decreasing their net wealth.
en: dette
economics
noun
The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.
Example: Mastitis results in reduced quality and quantity of milk and therefore can have a negative effect on the ECONOMICS of milk production.
en: économie
finance
noun
The management of large amounts of money, especially by governments or large companies.
Example: This gains immediate economies of scale such as bulk-buying, FINANCE, marketing, risk and specialization economies, which reduces average production costs.
en: finance
industry
noun
Economic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories.
Example: The greatest effort was put into the tea INDUSTRY.
en: industrie
inventory
noun
A complete list of items such as property, goods in stock, or the contents of a building.
Example: At the end of period 6 the brand SUSI was pulled from the market after selling off the remaining stock in INVENTORY.
en: inventaire
management
noun
The process of dealing with or controlling things or people.
Example: In other industries there are many different classes of MANAGEMENT, but in my position of farm manager I am a general manager.
en: gestion
manufacturing
noun
The making of articles on a large scale using machinery; industrial production.
Example: The company clearly focused on simplicity of MANUFACTURING, economies of scale, distribution and, profit.
en: fabrication
market
noun
An area or arena in which commercial dealings are conducted.
Example: The farm also rears dairy herd replacement heifers and often fattens lambs ready for MARKET.
en: marché
marketing
noun
He activity or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.
Example: The tailored MARKETING campaign should therefore be stressing the health, environmental, taste and well-being aspects of organic food consumption.
en: commercialisation
money
noun
A current medium of exchange in the form of coins and banknotes; coins and banknotes collectively.
Example: They would also bring with them MONEY, as they were paid in cash and so trading with them would have been a possibility.
en: argent
product
noun
An article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale.
Example: It is possible to keep Wild Boar completely indoors, but at the moment there is very little consumer interest in this PRODUCT (Harmony Herd, 2006).
en: produit
profit
noun
A financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
Example: Less regrettably, logging companies will lose PROFIT.
en: profit
tax
noun
A compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions.
Example: Other methods of increasing the price of private car travel include increasing general car TAX, and the cost of fuel.
