20 The topic of this glossary is about a field in Social Science, more precisely, psychology. terms
Hi, my name is Élody Lavoie. I live in Mirabel and I am a student. I have been studying Social Science for about a year and a half at Lionel-Groulx College. My field of study is, more precisely, psychology. I made this glossary to help people who want to know better this field. Sometimes, there are words that are unknown for a lot of people and this glossary can help and, at the same time, make the field of psychology clearer for them. There is a total of twenty words in my glossary and each word is related to basic notion in the filed of psychology, especially mental illness. By using this glossary, you could get to know different terms that are used in my field of study and you could see a side of psychology that you didn't know.
agorophobia
noun
Extreme or irrational fear of entering open or crowded places, of leaving one's own home, or of being in places from which escape is difficult.
Example: Women are twice as likely as men to experience agoraphobia. Initial onsets are typically in late adolescence or early adulthood, although agoraphobia can occur in childhood as well.
fr: agoraphobie
anorexia
noun
An emotional disorder characterized by an obsessive desire to lose weight by refusing to eat.
Example: She denies any anorexia or weight loss in the preceding weeks.
fr: Anorexie
anxiety
noun
Anxiety is an emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts and physical changes like increased blood pressure.
Example: Similarly, many clinical staffs are reluctant to deal with emotional issues such as, anxiety and depression because they feel they lack the skills to deal with them competently.
fr: Anxiété
bulimia
noun
An emotional disorder involving distortion of body image and an obsessive desire to lose weight, in which bouts of extreme overeating are followed by depression and self-induced vomiting, purging, or fasting.
Example: Previous medical history includes the following: bulimia and anorexia, reported having always suffered from a degree of hypotension.
fr: Boulimie
claustrophobia
noun
Extreme or irrational fear of confined places.
Example: The next image is a long-shot of the barren and desolate battlefield enclosed by a dense mass of trees which creates a sense of claustrophobia despite the immensity of the space similar to that of the arena floor of the Colosseum.
fr: claustrophobie
depression
noun
Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest.
Example: Some research indicated that depressed mood results in excessive gambling while other research showed excessive gambling leads to depression.
fr: Dépression
disorder
noun
A disorder could be defined as a set of problems, which result in causing significant difficulty, distress, impairment and/or suffering in a person’s daily life
Example: This diagnostic criteria which distinguishes anxiety disorder sub-types is now considered necessary as in opposition to Freud's theory of 'universal mechanisms'
fr: Désordre
illness
noun
A disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind.
Example: Surely it is no accident that the experiences had by Moosbrugger and Clarisse, which in both cases are symptoms of mental illness, are so very similar in quality to Ulrich's articulation of the Other Condition.
fr: Maladie
mania
noun
Mental illness marked by periods of great excitement or euphoria, delusions, and overactivity.
Example: However, 's low mood and reduced activity levels were not characteristic of patient with mania.
fr: manie
mental
adjective
Relating to the mind.
Example: Not only will exercise aid weight loss, but regular physical activity throughout life is associated with better physical and mental health and well-being.
fr: Mentale
narcissist
noun
An extremely self-centered person who has an exaggerated sense of self-importance
Example: Except in the early stages of a relationship, most narcissist aren't motivated by passion.
fr: narcissique
panic
noun
Sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety, often causing wildly unthinking behavior.
Example: The concept of neurosis was replaced by new diagnoses of panic disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder.
fr: panique
phobia
noun
An extreme or irrational fear of or aversion to something.
Example: "Wolf-Man" as Pankejeff was later referred to in Freud's case studies, was diagnosed by Freud as having an anxiety neurosis, an animal phobia in early childhood, compulsive feelings complete with obsessive rituals, attacks of furious rage and neurotic sexual conduct.
fr: Phobie
psychiatrist
noun
A medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness.
Example: He is prescribed an atypical anti psychotic medication to help alleviate his condition and is visited on a regular basis by a Community Psychiatric Nurse (CPN) with less frequent appointments with a consultant psychiatrist.
fr: psychiatre
psychologist
noun
An expert or specialist in psychology.
Example: The experiments could be performed by a psychologist to ensure the tests were fair.
fr: psychologue
psychology
noun
The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.
Example: Poor safety also, causes a negative impact on workers' psychology, leading eventually to resignations and departures from the enterprise.
fr: Psychologie
psychotherapy
noun
The treatment of mental disorder by psychological rather than medical means.
Example: There are over a thousand different psychotherapy techniques, some being minor variations, while others are based on very different conceptions of psychology, ethics (how to behave professionally), or techniques.
fr: psychothérapie
schizophrenia
noun
A long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation.
Example: It has been shown that unpopular children are more likely to have psychological difficulties such as schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, mood disorders and criminal behaviour.
fr: Schizophrénie
social
noun and adjective
Related to human society, the interaction of the individual and the group, or the welfare of human beings as members of society.
Example: The media are designed for the communication of social and economic issues as opposed to those scientific.
fr: Social
therapy
noun
Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder.
Example: There are many different types of therapy, not all therapies are effective. Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.