GLOSSARY

21 Important English terms terms

The purpose of this glossary is to highlight the important terms studied in Anglais Traduction appliquée.

Allegedly
Adverb
Allegedly means according to what has been claimed. It's used to describe an action or situation that someone claims happened but that has not been confirmed or proven, especially a crime.
Example: The case of Moor involved a GP ALLEGEDLY administering a lethal injection to a terminally ill patient causing death (again invoking the doctrine of double effect).
en: Prétendument
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CMA
Noun
The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is the competition regulator in the United Kingdom. It is a non-ministerial government department in the United Kingdom, responsible for strengthening business competition and preventing and reducing anti-competitive activities.
Example: On 15 March 2012 the UK Government's Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) announced proposals for strengthening competition in the UK by merging the Office of Fair Trading and the Competition Commission to create a new single Competition and Markets Authority (CMA).
en: L'Autorité de la Concurrence et des Marchés (CMA)
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Committed
Adjective
pledged or bound to a certain course or policy; dedicated.
Example: The only way an employee will not be concerned about the repercussions of what he does is when he/she is extremely COMMITTED and inclined towards work.
en: Engagé(e)
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Compensation
Noun
Compensation refers to monetary payment given to an individual in exchange for their services.
Example: When things do go wrong you can generally depend on the business to sort out the problems quickly and to the customer's satisfaction, often offering COMPENSATION.
en: Compensation
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Competitor
Noun
A person, product, company, etc. that is trying to compete with others, for example, by trying to make bigger sales in a particular market: chief/main/major competitor At least one major competitor is gearing up to provide local service at lower prices
Example: The number of COMPETITORS, "complementors" or "substitutors" might be a clear indication of the attractiveness of the market , giving opportunities for the new invention to succeed.
en: concurrent
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Complaint
Noun
A statement that something is unsatisfactory or unacceptable.
Example: Individuals lodged a COMPLAINT against the French state for the displacement of 1641 children from Reunion Island between 1963 and 1982.
en: Plainte
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Convicted
Adjective
Having been declared guilty of a criminal offence by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge.
Example: The Confait case, where three boys were falsely CONVICTED and imprisoned for murder after police failed to follow alternative line of inquiry, acted as a catalyst for reform, and a guide to how not to prosecute.
en: Condamné
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Eco-friendly
Adjective
not harmful to the environment.
Example: According to the authors, environment, economy, regulations and standards forced companies to develop a product development process capable of producing an ECO-FRIENDLY product, taking into account apart from its environmental impact, factors such as performance and cost requirements.
en: Respectueux de la nature
Ethical
Adjective
Pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct and being in accordance with the rules or standards for right conduct or practice, esp. the standards of a profession.
Example: It becomes obvious that, it is a task not only for the Member State to pass new regulation on this subject, but a great challenge for leaders (for ex. priests, politicians, philosophers) to answer the most fundamental ETHICAL and moral questions.
en: éthique
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Experiment
Noun
a scientific procedure undertaken to make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact.
Example: "A laboratory which carried out experiments on pigs"
en: Expérience
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Green-washing
Noun
Green-washing is a communication and marketing strategy adopted by companies or other organizations. It consists in putting forward ecological arguments in order to forge an ecologically responsible image among the public.
Example: Greenwashing includes deceptive marketing, and misleading, vague, or false claims about the sustainable impact or environmental, social, and governance (ESG) of a company. Without advertising standards, companies make claims without repercussions.
en: Blanchiment écologique
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intermittency
Noun
In dynamical systems, intermittency is the irregular alternation of phases of apparently periodic and chaotic dynamics (Pomeau–Manneville dynamics), or different forms of chaotic dynamics (crisis-induced intermittency)
Example: Beyond Dams Options and Alternatives, A report by the American Rivers and International Rivers Network, 2004, p72 Solar power also suffers from INTERMITTENCY, reducing its potential contribution to a grid system.
en: Intermittence
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Monitored
Verb
Observe and check the progress or quality of (something) over a period of time; keep under systematic review.
Example: Since the proposed changes are breaking new ground as far as the company is concerned, care must be given in ensuring that expenditure are well-MONITORED and controlled besides keeping risks to a minimum.
en: surveillée
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Monopoly
Noun
The exclusive possession or control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service.
Example: These are government granted MONOPOLY positions and include legal protection of a product technology by patent or copyright. The basic technology is assigned to one firm
en: Monopole
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Plaintiff
Noun
A person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
Example: In Red Bank Manufacturing Co v Meadows , the PLAINTIFFS argued that the original decision reached by a tribunal had been biased as one of the panel members had appeared to fall asleep, much similar to Y's situation.
en: Plaignants
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Recycled
Verb
to pass again through a series of changes or treatments: such as. : to process (something, such as liquid body waste, glass, or cans) in order to regain material for human use.
Example: Much of the energy required for heating to the sterilizing temperature is RECYCLED from within the processing system and thus save the production cost.
en: Recyclé
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Renewable
Noun
​types of energy that can be replaced naturally such as energy produced from wind or water
Example: Lomborg also argues that we are not headed towards an energy crisis, we have enough oil to cover our energy consumption for the next 5000 years and uranium for the next 14,000 years and RENEWABLE energy resources are "incomprehensibly large" and will probably be available at competitive prices within the next 50 years
en: renouvelable
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Sued
Verb
Institute legal proceedings against (a person or institution), typically for redress.
Example: In the case of Tarry v Ashton (1876), an employer was SUED for a gas lamp that fell onto the victim's head due to the careless nature of the employee's work.
en: Poursuivi
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Supplier
Noun
A supplier is a person, company, or organization that sells or supplies something such as goods or equipment to customers.
Example: Situation 9 shows that if a new SUPPLIER can supply yarn at 30% cheaper than the existing SUPPLIER, 500m of cloth should be supplied to the customer using equal amounts of internally produced and bought in yarn.
en: Fournisseur
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Sustainable
Adjective
Sustainability consists of fulfilling the needs of current generations without compromising the needs of future generations, while ensuring a balance between economic growth, environmental care and social well-being.
Example: After a series of reforms, in 2002, the Brazilian government launched a new policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER), which aims to promote SUSTAINABLE agriculture, and generate income and employment.
en: Durable
Waste
Adjective
Waste is everything that no longer has a use or purpose and needs to be disposed of.
Example: One example would be the use of composted municipal green WASTE, although the variable quality and variable organic status of this material could make it unsuitable for organically-certified growers.
en: Déchet
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