This glossary was meant not only to learn new vocabulary, but also check the grammar rules we learned in class. The quizz mode is also a cool way to study for exams.
A chairman
a person chosen to preside over a meeting.
Example: The chairman of the federal reserve is highly qualified.
en: Un président
A firework display
A public event at which fireworks are set alight.
Example: It was a firework display on Wall Street.
en: Un feu d’artifice
A pillow
Cloth bag stuffed with soft material
Example: These pillows are really comfortable
en: Un coussin
A plaintiff
a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.
Example: The plaintiff claims his rights were violated
en: Un plaignant
A plant
A factory or workshop for the manufacture of a particular product.
Example: This product was packed in a plant that processes Dairy, and wheat.
en: Une usine
A scam
a dishonest scheme; a fraud.
Example: He has a scamming instinct.
en: Une arnaque
A suburb
an outlying district of a city, especially a residential one.
Example: They live in a suburb.
en: Une banlieue
Allegedly
used to convey that something is claimed to be the case or have taken place, although there is no proof.
Example: He was allegedly a participant in the coup attempt
en: Supposé
Allergenic
A product that triggers allergies.
Example: Tree nuts are very allergenic
en: Allergène
Ambitious
having or showing a strong desire and determination to succeed.
Example: This company shows ambitious goals
en: Ambitieux
An injunction
an authoritative warning or order.
Example: The complaint seeks to obtain an injunction against further anti-competitive conducts
en: Une injonction
Bad-mannered
lack of polite or well-bred social behaviour.
Example: This boy is really bad mannered
en: Mal élevé
Cage free eggs
that hens were not kept in battery cages, allowed instead to move about the egg production barn
en: Des œufs de poules élevées en plein air
Cattle skins sourcing
Example: Cattle sinks sourcing has many negative impacts on the environment
en: Approvisionnement en peaux de bovins
Class action
a lawsuit filed or defended by an individual acting on behalf of a group.
Example: They formed a class action
en: Un recours collectif
Customs regulations
Regulations implementing Customs Law
Example: The development of international trades had to come with customs regulations
en: Les réglementations douanières
Damages
Ne pas confondre avec damage (qui signifie des dommages causés)
inflict physical harm on (something) so as to impair its value, usefulness, or normal function.
Example: He was condemned to damages
en: Des dommages et intérêts
Dispatchable variability
Example: The dispatchable variability of EnR is an issue
en: La variabilité pilotable
Ecodesign
considers environmental aspects at all stages of the product development process
Example: Ecodesign beds are eco-friendly
en: Ecoconception
Energy-intensive
Which uses a lot of energy.
Example: Air conditioning is energy-intensive
en: Energivore
Environmental certification
Example: An environmental certification is required by France.
en: Une certification environnementale
Federal court
court established by a federal government
Example: According to the complaint filed in federal Court…
en: Tribunal fédéral
Fraudulent
obtained, done by, or involving deception, especially criminal deception.
Example: He was sentenced for his fraudulent activities
en: Frauduleux
Grand larceny
theft of personal property having a value above a legally specified amount.
Example: He was convicted for grand larceny
en: Vol qualifié
Heiress
a woman who is legally entitled to the property or rank of another on that person's death.
Example: His heiress will collect all of the money.
Dried powder left after all the water is removed from liquid milk.
Example: This product contains milk solids
en: Lait en poudre
Modulation =
Changer la manière de dire quelque chose tout en conservant le sens en traduction.
Example: Les kiosques à journaux ont été dévalisés = newspaper kiosks have sold out.
O inflation // The inflation
No articles when we talk about the general phenomenon of inflation. BUT article when we talk about one in particular
Example: Inflation is not ultimately a bad sign for the economy.
en: L’inflation
Power generation
the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy
Example: Traditional power generation is more polluting
en: La production d’energie
Preliminary ruling
A preliminary ruling is a decision of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) on the interpretation of European Union law that is given in response to a request (preliminary reference) from a court or a tribunal of a member state.
Example: Preliminary ruling is crucial to applicable European law
en: Décision préjudicielle
Preservatives
a substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.
Example: Food preservatives are substances added to foods to inhibit the growth of micro-organisms.
en: Conservateurs (alimentaires)
Shall
Example: The parties shall respect the contract herein.
en: Beaucoup de sens. Mais dans le secteur juridique, est synonyme de Must. Ne peut s’utiliser que pour les obligations concernant une personne.
She is blind like a bat
en: Elle est myope comme une taupe
Slaughter house
a place where animals are slaughtered for food.
Example: There is a slaughter house in this town.
en: L’abattoir
Surrounding countryside
land outside towns and cities.
Example: He would rather live in the surrounding countryside.
en: La compagne environnante.
Tanning processes
the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather
Example: We need to reduce the negative impacts of tanning operations on environment
en: Opération de tannage
The right to withdraw
period during which you can cancel an online purchase, even if you have already paid
Example: The right to withdraw is essential for consumers
en: Droit de rétractation
To be sued
To sue = institute legal proceedings against (a person or institution), typically for redress.
Example: This man is sued by his neighbour
en: Être poursuivi en justice
To borne
Example: The only fees borned by you will be those for returning the product.
en: Porter/ supporter la charge
To carry out
perform a task.
en: Faire/ exécuter
To claim/ a claim
To state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof.
Example: This company claims its products are eco-friendly
en: Déclarer/ une déclaration
To collect
bring or gather together (a number of things).
Example: The company collected high fees
en: Prélever
To commit to
pledge or bind (a person or an organization) to a certain course or policy.
Example: The companies are committed to providing recyclable products.
en: S’engager à
To display
put (something) in a prominent place in order that it may readily be seen.
Example: They displayed a sign outside their house
en: Afficher
To fill the gap
to add what is need to something to make it complete
Example: We need to fill the gap with our rivals
en: Combler l’écart
To fund
a sum of money saved or made available for a particular purpose.
Example: Rich people funded this hospital
en: Financer
To implement
put (a decision, plan, agreement, etc.) into effect.
Example: It is recommended to implement measures to protect the environment
en: Mettre en oeuvre
To jump by
Example: The Dow Jones will jump by 5%.
en: Idée de bondir, augmentation forte sur une courte période
To monitor
observe and check the progress or quality of (something) over a period of time
Example: The transmission networks need to be monitored permanently.
en: Surveiller
To overcharge
To charge too much for something
Example: Apple overcharge app developers
en: Imposer des frais exorbitants
To place an order
To buy, to purchase
Example: I place an order on Amazon.
en: Passer une commande
To reserve the right
Example: The king reserves the right to obtain information.
en: Se réserver le droit de…
To rule on the merits
decision rests upon the law as it applied to the particular evidence and facts presented in the case
Example: The first Court rules on the merits
en: Statuer sur le fond
To stifle
Example: They stifle innovation and consumer choices
en: Étouffer
Tree nuts
Tree nuts is the collective term used to describe nuts that grow on trees.
Example: Tree nuts include, but are not limited to, almonds, Brazil nuts, cashews, chestnuts, filberts/hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, pecans, pistachios, shea nuts and walnuts.
en: Fruits à coque
Urban overheating
An urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas.
Example: Urban overheating is partly cause by air conditioning.
en: Surchauffe urbaine
Use of « that » or « which »
That is used in restrictive clauses, when the clause is essential to the understanding of the sentence whereas which is used in nonrestrictive clauses when the clause is not essential to the sentence.
