The level of acid in substances such as water, soil, or wine.
Example: Check the acidity of the soil with a test kit.
sk: Kyslosť
Blending
noun
The mixing of two or more different parcels of wine together by winemakers to produce a consistent finished wine that is ready for bottling. Laws generally dictate what wines can be blended together, and what is subsequently printed on the wine label.
Example: Blending wine is a challenge because you have to use your sense of texture on your palate instead of your nose.
sk: Miešanie
Bottling
verb
Place (drinks or other liquid) in bottles.
Example: The wine was aged in predominantly French oak hogsheads for around 24 months before bottling.
sk: Stáčanie do fliaš.
Cellar
noun
A room below ground level in a house, often used for storing wine or coal.
Example: They have a full wine cellar and hold wine tastings as well.
sk: Pivnica
Corkscrew
noun
A device for pulling corks from bottles, consisting of a spiral metal rod that is inserted into the cork, and a handle that extracts it.
Example: She fetched the corkscrew for the wine and two glasses.
sk: Vývrtka
Fermentation
noun
The chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat.
Example: During alcoholic fermentation, natural sugars present in the must are converted into CO2 and ethanol.
sk: Kvasenie
Fining
noun
A substance used for clarifying liquid, especially beer or wine.
Example: Fining is about removing unwanted material from wine while still in the cellar.
sk: Prečistenie
Lactic acid
noun
Acid in wine formed during the process of malolactic fermentation.
Example: During exercise, the water level retracts due to the increase in concentration of lactic acid in the muscle cells.
sk: Kyselina mliečna
Lees
noun
Wine sediment that occurs during and after fermentation, and consists of dead yeast, grape seeds, and other solids.
Example: The wine rested on its lees for five years in bottle before it was disgorged on March 15, 2022.
sk: Kaly
Malic acid
noun
A strong tasting acid in wine reminiscent of the flavour of green apples.
Example: The process of malolactic fermentation converts malic acid to much milder lactic acid.
sk: Kyselina jablčná
Malolactic
adjective
Relating to or involved in the bacterial conversion of malic acid to lactic acid in wine.
Example: The base wines always go through malolactic fermentation, which softens the acidity.
sk: Malolaktický
Must
noun
Unfermented grape juice, including pips (seeds), skins and stalks.
Example: Making must is the first step in winemaking.
sk: Mušt
Racking
verb
The process of drawing wine off the sediment, such as lees, after fermentation and moving it into another vessel.
Example: Always filter the wine before racking it; it will make for a smoother and softer finish.
sk: Stáčanie vína
Sommelier
noun
A wine butler; also used to denote a certified wine professional.
Example: The sommelier chose a bottle of wine for the customer.
sk: Someliér
Tannin
noun
Phenolic compound that give wine a bitter, dry, or puckery feeling in the mouth while also acting as a preservative/anti-oxidant and giving wine its structure. It is derived from the seeds (pips), skins and stalks of grapes.
Example: The main constituents of wine are acid, tannin, alcohol and sugar.
sk: Tanín
Vinology
noun
The scientific study of wines and winemaking.
Example: He was a great connoisseur in matters of vinology, and had planted his little vineyard with the genuine Valdepenas grape.
sk: Vinárstvo
Vintner
noun
A producer of wine; a winegrower.
Example: It is the vintner's name that appears on the wine label.
sk: Vinár
Wine press
noun
A device, comprising two vats or receptacles, one for trodding and bruising grapes, and the other for collecting the juice.
Example: The type of wine press also affects the potential quality of the wine.
sk: Lis na víno
Winery
noun
An establishment where wine is made.
Example: The winery has been making wine for a couple of centuries.
sk: Vinárstvo
Yeast
noun
A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Example: Ethanol is manufactured by yeast fermentation of sugar.