Giving Individual Feedback to Language Learners Glossary
Authoritarian feedback,
which is negative in content and manner and which discourages discussion, will do little to motivate learners; nor will it help them develop their language proficiency.
Automated feedback
A type of feedback that is generated by artificial intelligence- based software and delivered to learners upon completing any written task.
Collaborative Writing
noun
is the process of producing a written work as a group where all team members contributed to the content and the decisions about how the group will function.
en: Escritura colaborativa
Content knowledge
noun
It refers to the body of knowledge –facts, theories, principles, ideas, vocabulary– which teachers must master to be effective.
Correction code
noun
is used to show learners what kind of mistakes they have made in written work. The teacher underlines each mistake and writes a symbol or an abbreviation next to it, showing the kind of mistake. 'We made our homework' - WW (wrong word).
Corrective feedback
is a form of performance feedback used to improve student achievement. Teachers provide feedback to students to reinforce expectations and to correct student errors during lessons.
Error Correction
noun
It is a way to develop competence of language learners in a second or foreign language.
en: Correción de Errores
Explicit feedback
noun
The teacher provides a corrected reformulation of an error often requires the learner to repeat the correction, especially in feedback on speaking.
Feed forward
It's the process of replacing positive or negative feedback with future-oriented solutions. In simple terms, it means focusing on the future instead of the past.
Feedback
noun
the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source
also : the information so transmitted
Example: The company uses customer feedback to improve its products.
Feedback sandwich
It is a method of feedback where positive feedback serves as a cushion to negative feedback.
Feedback Strategy
It is the system of feedback collection and analysis to produce actionable insights.
Formative Feedback
is generated by teachers as strategies to engage learners to constantly reflect on how they can approach, orient, and evaluate learning, which leads to successful learning outcomes.
Goals
Noun
the end toward which effort is directed
en: metas
Grammar Correction
It is the task of correcting different kinds of errors in text such as spelling, punctuation, grammatical, and word choice errors.
Language Production
The production of spoken and written language
Language proficiency
Receptive and expressive language skills, syntax, vocabulary, semantics, and other areas that demonstrate language abilities.
learner performance
is the ability of a learner to apply the newly acquired knowledge or skills.
Learning Goals
noun
They are intended purposes and desired achievements of a particular course, which generally identify the knowledge, skills, and capacities a student in that class should achieve
Lesson Planning
It is the instructor's road map of what students need to learn and how it will be done effectively during the class time.
Non-verbal behaviour
are facial expressions, gestures, paralinguistics (such as loudness or tone of voice), body language, proxemics or personal space, eye gaze, haptics (touch), appearance, and artifacts.
Peer Feedback
It is where one learner gives feedback to another.
Role play
act out or perform the part of a person or character, for example as a technique in training or psychotherapy.
Self-Correction
Correcting or compensating for one's own errors or weaknesses.
Stigmatizing errors
Errors that are specific to the kind of spoken interaction that students are engaged in, or to the genre of text they are writing.
Study Skills
An array of skills which tackle the process of organizing and taking in new information, retaining information, or dealing with assessments.
Task
noun
A piece of work to be done, especially one done regularly, unwillingly, or with difficulty.
Teaching techniques
They are a set of materials, devices, tools, and educational attitudes that the teacher uses to clarify an idea or to change a vague concept in order to contribute to a better state of the educational process.
Text-based feedback
It is delivered by means of a word processor, such as Microsoft Word or Google Docs, where textual annotations (underlining, highlighting), comment boxes, footnotes, tracked changes and the possibility of comparing two documents are possible.
en: Retroalimentación basada en textos
Written Feedback
Provides students with a record of what they are doing well, what needs improvement and suggested next steps.