Process in which material (adsorbate) travels from a gas or liquid phase and forms a superficial monomolecular layer on a solid or liquid condensed phase (substrate).
Example: Jaynes and Boyd (1991) investigated the nature of the siloxane surface in smectites by measuring the adsorption of aromatic hydrocarbons from water with organo-clays (clays with trimethylphenylammonium).
ru: адсорбция
anisotropy
noun
The quality of exhibiting properties with different values when measured along axes in different directions.
Example: For qualitative characterization of fluid/shale interactions, the anisotropy of the rock was considered so that the same bedding planes were selected for nanoindentation.
ru: анизотропия
capillary pressure
phrase
The pressure between two immiscible fluids in a thin tube (see capillary action), resulting from the interactions of forces between the fluids and solid walls of the tube.
Example: Correspondingly, the capillary pressure in the rock needs to be sufficient to fill all pores above, or close to, the resolution (voxel length:6.7 mm).
ru: капиллярное давление
contact angle
phrase
An angle that a liquid creates with a solid surface or capillary walls of a porous material when both materials come in contact together.
Example: However, the contact angle values obtained do not deliver one single index for wetting, but a distribution of contact angles with one or multiple peaks.
ru: краевой угол смачивания
crude oil
noun
A naturally occurring petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials.
Example: Nevertheless, all the samples become strongly oil-wet regardlessof the cleaning methods after long-term saturation with crude oil.
ru: сырая нефть
electrical double layer (EDL)
phrase
A structure that appears on the surface of an object when it is exposed to a fluid. The double layer refers to two parallel layers of charge surrounding the object. The first layer, the surface charge (either positive or negative), consists of ions adsorbed onto the object due to chemical interactions. The second layer is composed of ions attracted to the surface charge via the Coulomb force, electrically screening the first layer.
Example: These authors also envisaged a mechanism for the failure of smectitic and illitic shales based on the electrical-double-layer (EDL) model.
ru: двойной электрический слой
enhanced oil recovery (EOR)
phrase
The technique or process where the physicochemical (physical and chemical) properties of the rock and/or the fluids are changed to enhance the recovery of hydrocarbon.
Example: The carbonate reservoir under production grows, so further enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods researchand development necessity sharpen and impact of complex character value of reservoir saturation increases.
ru: методы увеличения нефтеотдачи (МУН)
flooding
noun
The condition of becoming filled or covered with a large amount of water:.
Example: During initialization by flooding, the capillary pressure is controlled by the flow rate and the rock structure itself and therefore cannot be determined easily.
ru: заводнение
heterogeneity
noun
The quality or state of being composed of many different elements or types.
Example: Because of the heterogeneity and multiple constituents of shales, nanoindentation results from different locations are highly scattered,
and the mineral compositions of each indent are unknown.
ru: неоднородность
hydraulic fracturing
phrase
Is an oil and gas well development process that typically involves injecting water, sand, and chemicals under high pressure into a bedrock formation via the well. This process is intended to create new fractures in the rock as well as increase the size, extent, and connectivity of existing fractures.
Example: Hydraulic fracturing has been extensively used to increase gas production from low-permeability reservoir rocks since its first success
in 1948 (Ahmed et al. 1979).
ru: гидравлический разрыв пласта
hydrocarbon reservoir rocks
phrase
A permeable rock that contains oil or gas in appreciable quantity.
Example: While many porous materials, such as hydrocarbon reservoir rocks, are initially wetted by the aqueous phase, surface active components within the non-wetting phase can alter the wetting state of the solid.
ru: порода-коллектор нефти
permeability
noun
The capability of a porous rock or sediment to permit the flow of fluids through its pore spaces.
Example: Permeability at residual brine for kerosene and crude oil estimated as 0.9 mD and 0.28 mD, respectively.
ru: проницаемость
recovery factor
phrase
The ratio of the oil and/or gas reserves which are expected to be produced from a reservoir, to the oil and/or gas initially in place.
Example: As the production of hydrocarbons from the carbonate reservoir increases, there is a necessity to enhance oil recovery methods to increase recovery factors and improve the economic efficiency of field development.
ru: коэффициент нефтеотдачи
residual
adjective
Remaining after the greater part or quantity has gone.
Example: The permeability of the core sample 5587 estimated as 0.4 mD for the brine and less than 0.01 mD for crude oil at residual brine.
ru: остаточный
wettability
noun
The preference of a liquid to be in contact with a solid surrounded by another fluid (liquid or gas).
Example: This study demonstrates that the impact of the nano-scale surface roughness controls the wettability distributions along the rock surface.
