The glossary contains useful phrases from biology articles
Altogether, these data reveal that
Example: A. Monsiváis-Urenda et al., “Influence of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire in children,” Eur. J. Immunol., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1418–1427, May 2010.
ru: В целом эти данные показывают, что
Analysis furthermore identified
Example: Unsupervised high-dimensional analysis of peripheral blood NK cells furthermore identified distinct NK cell immunotypes that were linked to disease severity
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Кроме того, анализ выявил
Briefly, we used the
Example: Briefly, we used the expression level of 3663 highly dispersed genes to reduce the dimensionality of the data by performing principle component analysis.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Вкратце, мы использовали
Consistent with other studies, we have demonstrated that
Example: Consistent with other non-human studies, we have demonstrated that mNKs possess a mature phenotype.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: В соответствии с другими исследованиями мы продемонстрировали, что
Consistent with previous observations in
Example: A. Monsiváis-Urenda et al., “Influence of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire in children,” Eur. J. Immunol., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1418–1427, May 2010.
ru: В соответствии с предыдущими наблюдениями в
Experiments with … indicated that
Example: M. Gumá et al., “Expansion of CD94/NKG2C+ NK cells in response to human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts,” Blood, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 3624–3631, May 2006.
ru: Эксперименты с… показали, что
Finally, we performed a more detailed analysis of the
Example: Finally, we performed a more detailed analysis of the NK cell response in relation to clinical laboratory parameters and clinical scoring systems.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Наконец, мы провели более подробный анализ
Here, we demonstrate the
Example: Here, we demonstrate the existence of HBV-specific mNKs in humans after vaccination and in chronic HBV infection.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Здесь мы демонстрируем
However, in contrast to previous works, our studies have found no correlation between
Example: However, in contrast to previous works,48 our studies have found no correlation between KLRG1+NK cells from CHB patients with NK cell subsets that expand during HMCV infection, identified by CD56dimCD16+KIR+CD57+NKG2C+.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Однако, в отличие от предыдущих работ, наши исследования не обнаружили корреляции между
Importantly, we have identified key features of
Example: Importantly, we have identified key features of human HBVspecific mNKs that differ from other models such as HIV and influenza, which is that HBV-specific mNK responses can be elicited in the absence T cell derived IL-2 postvaccination.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Важно отметить, что мы определили ключевые особенности
In this study, we compared the
Example: In this study, we compared the efficiency of gene delivery for various subsets of freshly isolated NK cells, as well as for bulk and clonal cultures that were activated in vitro in the presence of IL-2 and K562-mbIL21 feeder cells before transduction.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: В этом исследовании мы сравнили
Interestingly, two recent reports assessing the
Example: Interestingly, two recent reports assessing the single cell landscape of immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of COVID-19 patients have suggested that NK cell numbers are increased at this site of infection.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Интересно, что два недавних отчета, оценивающих
It has been reported that
Example: A. Monsiváis-Urenda et al., “Influence of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire in children,” Eur. J. Immunol., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1418–1427, May 2010.
ru: Сообщается, что
More detailed analysis of ... may be required to account for the differences
Example: More detailed analysis of isolated subpopulations may be required to account for the differences in susceptibility to transduction and to clarify an individual response of these subpopulations to hTERT.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: Для учета различий может потребоваться более подробный анализ ...
Numerous studies targeted
Example: Numerous studies targeted enhancing NK cell expansion and engineering them genetically, striving to improve their desired functional characteristics.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: Многочисленные исследования нацелены
Our analyses so far revealed robust
Example: Our analyses so far revealed robust activation of NK cells with an effector phenotype in COVID-19 patients.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Наши анализы на данный момент выявили надежные
Our data support
Example: Our data support the presence of a mature mNKs following HBV antigen exposure either through vaccination or infection.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Наши данные поддерживают
Our results demonstrate a substantial increase in
Example: Our results demonstrate a substantial increase in proliferative activity and expansion of NK cells caused by hTERT overexpression, which prompted us to suggest that hTERT-engineered NK cells could become a valuable tool in the cancer cell therapy toolbox.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: Наши результаты демонстрируют существенное увеличение
Overall, our data show that
phrase
description
Example: Overall, our data show that ectopic hTERT expression in NK cells enhances their activation and proliferation, extends in vitro life span, and can be a useful tool in developing NK-based cancer cell therapies.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: В целом наши данные показывают, что
Taken together the data support that
Example: M. Gumá et al., “Expansion of CD94/NKG2C+ NK cells in response to human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts,” Blood, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 3624–3631, May 2006.
ru: В совокупности данные подтверждают, что
Taken together, we obtained a
Example: Taken together, using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria and patient recruitment during a defined period of time, we obtained a well-controlled cohort of patients with moderate and severe COVID-19.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: В совокупности мы получили
This study provides
phrase
Example: This study provides a detailed map of the NK cell activation landscape in COVID-19 disease.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Это исследование предоставляет
This view has been challenged following the
Example: This view has been challenged following the identification of antigen-specific memory natural killer cells (mNKs) in mice and non-human primates
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Эта точка зрения была оспорена после
To address this question, we analyzed the
Example: M. Gumá et al., “Expansion of CD94/NKG2C+ NK cells in response to human cytomegalovirus-infected fibroblasts,” Blood, vol. 107, no. 9, pp. 3624–3631, May 2006.
ru: Чтобы ответить на этот вопрос, мы проанализировали
To examine the subset of ... we examined
Example: To examine the subset of blood NK cells that drive antigen-specific responses, we examined NK lineage markers on activated, degranulating CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells after 18 hours coculture with specific (HBsAg-pulsed DCs) or non-specific (K562) antigen stimulation.
R. S. Wijaya et al., “HBV vaccination and HBV infection induces HBV-specific natural killer cell memory,” Gut, vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 357–369, Feb. 2021.
ru: Чтобы изучить подмножество ... мы рассмотрели
We demonstrate that
phrase
give a practical exhibition and explanation of (how a machine, skill, or craft works or is performed).
Example: We demonstrate that hTERTengineered NK cell cultures maintain a high percentage of cells in the S/G2 phase for an extended
time after transduction, while the life span of NK cells is measurably extended.
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: Мы продемонстрировали, что
We explored the
Example: A. Monsiváis-Urenda et al., “Influence of human cytomegalovirus infection on the NK cell receptor repertoire in children,” Eur. J. Immunol., vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 1418–1427, May 2010.
ru: Мы исследовали
We have previously shown that the
Example: We have previously shown that the combination of soluble IL-2 and K562-mbIL21 feeder cells expressing membrane-bound IL-21 promoted retroviral transduction of NK cells, which were generally difficult to transduce
M. A. Streltsova, M. O. Ustiuzhanina, E. V. Barsov, S. A. Kust, R. A. Velichinskii, and E. I. Kovalenko, “Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Increases Proliferation and Lifespan of Human NK Cells without Immortalization,” Biomed. 2021, Vol. 9, Page 662, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 662, Jun. 2021.
ru: Ранее мы показали, что
We here reveal
phrase
Example: Using 28-color flow cytometry, we here reveal strong NK cell activation across distinct subsets in peripheral blood of COVID-19
patients.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: Здесь мы показали
Whereas emerging reports suggest that
Example: Whereas emerging reports suggest that protective immunity is formed in convalescent patients with both neutralizing antibodies and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells.
C. Maucourant et al., “Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity,” Sci. Immunol., vol. 5, no. 50, p. 6832, 2020.
ru: В то время как появляющиеся отчеты предполагают, что