Philosophy is a field of study rarely pursued by people. Generally, this field is more of a bad thing that is to pass passing through college. Today I'll show you that it's not the case and you can appreciate this subject in all of its details. Philosophy is the study of the way of argumentation and development of ways to understand the universe through our mind and ideas. Furthermore, this glossary will allow you to have a big advance in terms of vocabulary concerning the multiple names of school true this field.
absolutism
noun
the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.
Example: All Descartes' thinker can be certain of is his own existence, shifting the focus of truth from Classical absolutism to the human centred Renaissance view.
en: absolutisme
analogy
noun
a comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanation or clarification.
Example: The analogy he cites in opposition to this is of a football match, following the game, a report appears in the Times and then in the Guardian.
en: analogie
analytic
adjective
true by virtue of the meaning of the words or concepts used to express it, so that its denial would be a self-contradiction.
Example: Though it may be possible to construct case for this also being an analytic proposition, this would only be possible if using a very detailed definition of a triangle.
en: analytique
atheism
noun
disbelief or lack of belief in the existence of God or gods.
Example: Such a theory (deism) is as abhorrent to the religion as atheism.
en: athéisme
behaviorism
noun
the theory that human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of conditioning, without appeal to thoughts or feelings, and that psychological disorders are best treated by altering behavior patterns.
Example: What did you learn in your course today? I learn the basic's behaviorism way's and techniques.
en: behaviorisme
commodification
noun
the action or process of treating something as a mere commodity.
Example: Are there moral limits to such commodification?
en: marchandisation
consequentialism
noun
the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely by its consequences.
Example: This would pave the way for a theory that by making justice a virtue would be able to avoid some of the criticisms that Deontology and consequentialism face.
en: conséquentialisme
deontology
noun
the study of the nature of duty and obligation.
Example: Anscombe does point out some problems with two major and conflicting ethical views of concequentialism and deontology, but her alternatives are unsound and there is contradiction in her argument.
en: déontologie
dualism
noun
a theory or system of thought that regards a domain of reality in terms of two independent principles, especially mind and matter ( Cartesian dualism ).
Example: Is the Cartesian committed to the thesis that it must be possible to make independently intelligible what is meant by identity and difference of human consciousness Rene Descartes puts forward the case for mind body dualism.
en: dualisme
embodiment
noun
a tangible or visible form of an idea, quality, or feeling.
Example: The principle of compassion aims to "encourage the remedying and relieving of suffering [and]
it also acts to control the embodiment of our destructive tendencies" (Etxeberria 2001: 78).
en: mode de réalisation
fatalism
noun
the belief that all events are predetermined and therefore inevitable.
Example: The limits of lifestule: reassessing fatalism in the popular culture of illness.
en: fatalisme
functionalism
noun
the theory that mental states can be sufficiently defined by their cause, their effect on other mental states, and their effect on behavior.
Example: Can functionalism provide a cross-species concept of pain?
en: fonctionnalisme
identity
noun
the characteristics determining who or what a person or thing is.
Example: I will now ask you to tell me your thought on "Personal identity".
en: identité
immaterialism
noun
the belief that material things have no objective existence.
Example: But he was equally unhappy with the typical alternative, with what he saw as the uneasy combination of materialism and immaterialism.
en: immatérialisme
intuitionism
noun
the theory that primary truths and principles (especially those of ethics and metaphysics) are known directly by intuition.
Example: intuitionism is more like finding the truth by your instinct than your mind.
en: intuitionisme
materialism
noun
the doctrine that nothing exists except matter and its movements and modifications.
Example: This is the tension between neo-Lockean theories of personal identity and theories rooted in materialism and the idea that biological continuity is essential for survival, i.e., the animalist view.
en: matérialisme
paradox
noun
a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.
Example: What he is guilty of is . . . pragmatic paradox.
en: paradoxe
philosophy
noun
the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline.
Example: I can't come with you, I have philosophy at 8 tomorrow morning.
en: Philosophie
teacher
noun
A person who teaches, especially in a school.
Example: Indeed, even the Sophist Gorgias, Meno's teacher, is said to laugh at the other Sophists who claim to teach virtue.
en: Professeur
wisdom
noun
the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment; the quality of being wise
Example: The different groups of characters appear to be from different genres, suggesting a hierarchy of poetic reality, with the cosmic wisdom of the realm of the fairies at the top.
