I made this glossary to explain to people what words we use in computer science and to know more about this field of study
Analog
adjective
Analog technology is any piece of technology that does its job without processing numbers electronically like a computer does. You might think of analog as “old-school” technology, like film cameras or tape recorders.
Example: I need and electrical analog computer for my job.
en: Analogique
Bit
Noun
Bit is an abbreviation for “binary digit,” the smallest piece of information used by a computer. Each bit is either a 1 or a 0, which are the binary digits that make up computer language. Bits are literally the foundation upon which computer science is built. Since they’re so miniscule, computer whizzes also need to know some basic tech math to think of bits on a larger scale
Example: After the 8-bit NES, we saw the 16-bit Sega Genesis, 32-bit Sony PlayStation, and 64-bit Nintendo 64.
en: Bit
Bug
Noun
A bug is a programming error that causes unexpected glitches or problems for a program’s end user.
Example: The computer has a minor bug.
en: Bug informatique
Central Processing Unit
Noun
It is the processing chip and "brains" of a computer.
Example: Now I want to upgrade the Central Processing Unit.
en: Unité centrale de traitement
Cloud storage
Noun
Cloud storage is an alternative to storing data on a computer’s physical storage. Information that’s stored “on the cloud” is kept on remote servers that can be accessed anywhere via the Internet.
Example: Consider storing an electronic backup on cloud storage or on external media elsewhere.
en: Stockage en ligne
Code
Noun
Code refers to different programming languages used to create, edit or manage computer programs or applications. Most computer science students will specialize in a small handful of coding languages depending on the career they’d like to pursue.
Example: Basic computer code consists of sequences of ones and zeros.
en: Code
Control panel
Noun
Just like it sounds,the control panel is a tool that allows you to change a program’s settings or alter the way it looks or behaves.
Example: Go to Control Panel and double-click on Sounds for a list of sounds.
en: Panneau de commande
Data security
Noun
This is the process of protecting data from unauthorized users or hackers.
Example: They are entitled to data security
en: Sécurité des données
Debug
Noun
Debugging refers to the process of finding and removing errors from a program's source code. The goal is for programmers to discover and fix bugs before their end user experiences problems.
Example: The computerman debugged the computer programme.
en: Déboguer
Digital
Noun
Digital technology is the opposite of analog. It’s anything that uses a computer’s binary language to do its job. To digitize something is to convert analog data into digital data that can be used by a computer.
Example: An associated computer algorithm converts the raw digital image into absolute CD4 counts and CD4 percentages in real time.
en: Numérique
Disk storage
Noun
Disk storage refers to a computer’s hard drive or long-term memory. This is where a computer stores information that isn’t being used at the time. If disk storage becomes too full, a computer may become sluggish as it takes the time to wade through all that data.
Example: In disk storage, one terabyte is equal to how many gigabytes?
en: Stockage sur disque
Ethernet
Noun
Ethernet is similar to the Internet. It’s a system connecting a number of computers or devices to the same network, allowing for fast, monitored transmission of data. Ethernets have restricted network access that’s managed by a handful of system administrators, making it a secure network solution for many companies.
Example: Both types of Ethernet cable have a similar construction.
en: Ethernet
Hacker
Noun
This term can refer to an expert programmer. But it’s most common usage is referring to someone who can gain unauthorized access, or “hack,” other computers or networks. IT specialists can earn qualifications to become a certified ethical hacker.
Example: The information that the person supplies winds up right in the hands of the hacker.
en: Pirate
Hub
Noun
This device is a central connection for all computers in a network, which is usually Ethernet-based. Information sent to the hub can flow to any other computer on the network.
Example: The root hub is your computer and the first USB hub.
en: Moyeu
Hypertext Markup Language
Noun
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. HTML is a coding language used to write Internet-based documents, like websites. It’s one of the basic coding languages you’ll most likely learn early in your computer science career.
Example: A general entity can be a parsed entity or an unparsed entity H HTML HyperText Markup Language.
en: Langage Signalétique Hyper Text
Index
Noun
An index is a list of data, such as a group of files or database entries. It is typically saved in a plain text format so a computer can quickly scan it to retrieve the information it needs.
Example: An index is used to point at a data element within an array.
en: Indice
IP adress
Noun
Also known as an "IP number" or simply an "IP," this is a numerical code that identifies a specific computer on the Internet. Think of it as a computer’s unique Social Security Number.
Example: An IP address is a number that is automatically assigned to your computer whenever you are surfing the Web
en: adresse IP
Processor
Noun
Also referred to as the microprocessor, this little chip is the heart of a computer. The processor does all of the computations for the computer—meaning it’s in charge of every piece of input and output that comes a computer’s way! Speed is important when it comes to processors and many can handle trillions of calculations per second.
Example: She made sure her computer was solely a word processor with no on line capabilities so no one could ever hack into it.
en: Processeur
RAM
Noun
This is an acronym for Random-Access Memory, the place where a computer stores data while it is being used or changed. Think of it as a computer’s short-term memory. It doesn’t have unlimited storage, but it makes for quick access to information you’re currently using.
Example: RAM is a computer's primary memory.
en: RAM
ROM
Noun
ROM stands for Read Only Memory. This is memory that can only be read from and not written to. Computers use ROM to store important tasks like start-up processes and software instructions.
Example: The Linux IDE device interface for CD/DVD ROM does not support hot swapping.
